Synthesis, characterization, DFT calculations and biological evaluation of azo dye ligand containing 1,3-dimethylxanthine and its Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes

ABSTRACT. The azo dye of 1,3-dimethylxanthine, namely 8-[(4-acetyl phenyl azo)]-1,3-dimethylxanthine (APAX), was prepared in two steps. first step included the formation diazonium salt by reacting 4-aminoacetophenone with sodium nitrite NaNO2 under acidic conditions and completing diazotization process while maintaining a low temperature below 5 °C. resulting reacted 1,3-dimethylxanthine compound obtained on dye, which characterized UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopies elemental analysis. DFT calculations were performed to obtain optimized geometry ligand. These using three functionals 6-311++ G (d,p) basis allow determinate bond length, angles, dihedral HOMO LUMO energies. APAX ligand exhibited considerable color changes when it mixed solution cobalt, copper zinc ions, therefore, is considered probe detect these ions. Metallic complexes interacting aqueous solutions metallic salts Co(II), Cu(II) Zn(II) molar ratio equal 2:1 (APAX : metal). showed exciting biological activity against E. coli, Staph. aureus Aspergillus. pH sensitive interesting photochromic behavior.
 
 KEY WORDS: 1,3-Dimethylxanthine, Dye, Complexes, sensitive, Probe, Bacteria, calculations
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(2), 347-356. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i2.8